What is HAARP really for?
The records show a military-funded radio heater for the upper atmosphere, built by the company that held Eastlund’s weapon patents. No record shows it can change the weather or affect minds, and independent seismologists contradict the earthquake claim.
- UnverifiedTheoryHAARP can control or change the weather
- ✕ DisprovenTheoryHAARP can set off earthquakes
- UnverifiedTheoryHAARP can affect human minds
- UnverifiedTheoryHAARP is the missile-defence weapon of Eastlund’s patents
- ✓ Confirmed14 May 2014An Air Force official tells the Senate HAARP was designed to “actually control” the ionosphere, and plans to dismantle it
A field of 180 antennas in Alaska beams radio energy at the upper atmosphere. The military paid for it, the company holding a weapon patent built it, and an Air Force official told the Senate it was designed to control the ionosphere. This case sets the official story beside the theories and rates both.
The question Is HAARP, the military-funded radio facility in Gakona, Alaska, only an ionospheric research station, or can it control the weather, cause earthquakes or affect minds as its critics say?
What the records say
The documented story holds up: 14 of 14 timeline steps are Confirmed by the records (score 100).
5 theories checked: 1 disproven, 4 unverified. A theory is rated by its key claim.
After Hurricane Helene, a member of Congress posts “Yes they can control the weather”
confirmedConfirmed as a record of what this document says, not that it is true. See the step
Down the rabbit hole
The ground line is the documented timeline. Each tunnel is a theory that branches off it; every chamber is a step, coloured by how well the records support it. The deepest chamber is the theory’s key claim. Tap one to open it.
Main timeline
Oldest first- 10 Jan 1985confirmed
Physicist Bernard Eastlund files a patent for heating the upper atmosphere with radio beams from Alaska
Granted on 11 Aug 1987 and assigned to ARCO Power Technologies (APTI), it lists uses from disrupting communications to “missile or aircraft destruction, deflection, or confusion” and says “Weather modification is possible”. It names Alaska’s natural gas as the power source.
T1US Patent 4,686,605, Bernard J. Eastlund, granted 11 Aug 1987assignment record; descriptioninvolved party: ARCO Power Technologies (APTI), the patent’s owner and later HAARP’s prime contractor - 1990confirmed
HAARP begins as a congressional initiative, paid for through Senator Ted Stevens’s defence earmarks
The operator says the aim was to “enhance communications and surveillance systems for both civilian and defense purposes”, under joint Air Force and Navy management. The Anchorage Daily News calls Stevens “the godfather of HAARP”, funded by “annual earmarks that he slipped into the defense budget”.
T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“Why Was HAARP Developed?”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015T2Anchorage Daily News, Dermot Cole, 14 May 2014T1“HAARP: Research and Applications”, Air Force Research Laboratory and Office of Naval Researchp. 8involved party: US Air Force and US Navy, HAARP’s sponsors - Jul 1993confirmed
The Air Force’s impact statement names APTI, owner of the Eastlund patents, as HAARP’s prime contractor
The final environmental impact statement refers to “the HAARP prime contractor, ARCO Power Technologies, Inc.” In the same document the Air Force answers public concerns: “HAARP facility will not affect the stratosphere and climate.” Construction began in 1993 and the full 180-antenna array was finished in 2007.
T1US Air Force, Final Environmental Impact Statement for HAARP, July 1993cover sheet; responses to comments on radio interference and on the stratosphere and climateinvolved party: US Air Force (lead agency) and US Navy, which planned, funded and ran HAARP until 2015T1US Patent 4,686,605, Bernard J. Eastlund, granted 11 Aug 1987assignment recordinvolved party: ARCO Power Technologies (APTI), the patent’s owner and later HAARP’s prime contractorT1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“When Was HAARP Built?”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015 - 1995confirmed
Nick Begich and Jeane Manning’s book “Angels Don’t Play This HAARP” says the station is a weapon
Its cover calls HAARP a “ground-based ‘Star Wars’ weapon” that can “Disrupt human mental processes” and “Change weather patterns over large areas”. The book builds its case on Eastlund’s patents and the APTI contract.
T3Nick Begich and Jeane Manning, “Angels Don’t Play This HAARP”, Earthpulse Pressback cover; chapters 3–4 - Aug 1996confirmed
An Air Force study paper says that by 2025 US forces “can ‘own the weather’”
Written by seven officers for the Air Force 2025 study, it outlines weather modification for war and recalls Project Popeye, which seeded clouds over the Ho Chi Minh trail from 1966 to 1972. Its disclaimer says it is not official policy and “contains fictional representations of future situations/scenarios.”
T1Air Force 2025 study, “Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025”, Aug 1996disclaimer; executive summary; ch. 3 note 1involved party: US Air Force - 28 Apr 1997confirmed
Defense Secretary William Cohen speaks of others trying to “set off earthquakes” with electromagnetic waves
Answering a question at a terrorism conference, he said: “Others are engaging even in an eco- type of terrorism whereby they can alter the climate, set off earthquakes, volcanoes remotely through the use of electromagnetic waves.” He cited the futurist Alvin Toffler and did not mention HAARP.
T1DoD transcript: Defense Secretary William Cohen at the University of Georgia, 28 Apr 1997question and answer sessioninvolved party: US Department of Defense - By Nov 1998confirmed
The military’s own HAARP booklet promises the power to “locally control the state of the ionosphere”
The Air Force and Navy booklet lists military uses: low-frequency waves for “communication with submarines and underground exploration”, and an ionosphere that “can be artificially structured” in the path of communication, surveillance or navigation signals. It is undated; the defence library stamped it in November 1998.
T1“HAARP: Research and Applications”, Air Force Research Laboratory and Office of Naval Researchpp. 8–9, 13, 15involved party: US Air Force and US Navy, HAARP’s sponsors - 28 Jan 1999confirmed
The European Parliament calls HAARP “a global concern” and asks for an independent study
Its committee report said military research on environmental manipulation was ongoing, “as demonstrated for example by the Alaska-based HAARP system”. The report notes the US declined to send anyone to its 1998 hearing; its HAARP section was based on that hearing, where Begich spoke. In 2004 an MEP said the Commission had never reported back.
T1European Parliament report A4-0005/1999 (rapporteur Maj Britt Theorin), 14 Jan 1999recital T; paragraph 27; explanatory statement and notes 21–22T1European Parliament written question E-1446/04 (Paul Lannoye), 29 Apr 2004 - Jan 2010confirmed
Venezuela’s state broadcaster blames a US weapon for the Haiti earthquake, and HAARP for others
Fox News reported that the website of ViVe, citing an alleged Russian Northern Fleet report, said the Haiti quake came from a US test of a “shockwave” system and blamed HAARP for quakes in California and China. Live Science later wrote that Hugo Chávez made the claim; Venezuela’s embassy said he never did.
T2Fox News, “Hugo Chavez Mouthpiece Says U.S. Hit Haiti With ‘Earthquake Weapon’”, 21 Jan 2010T2Live Science, Stephanie Pappas, 22 May 2014T2Foreign Policy, Daniel W. Drezner, 26 Jan 2010, with the Venezuelan Embassy’s replyupdateSources disagreeLive Science says President Chávez made the claim; Venezuela’s embassy told Foreign Policy he never associated himself with it. Fox News attributes it to the ViVe website. - 14 May 2014confirmed
An Air Force official tells the Senate HAARP was designed to “actually control” the ionosphere, and plans to dismantle it
David Walker, a deputy assistant secretary of the Air Force, said HAARP was designed “To inject energy into the ionosphere to be able to actually control it. But that work has been completed.” The Air Force told Congress it would take apart the site, which cost more than $290 million to build.
- 11 Aug 2015confirmed
The Air Force hands HAARP to the University of Alaska Fairbanks
The equipment passed to the university under research agreements; the land still belongs to the Air Force pending a transfer authorised in the 2017 defence act. The university says no military staff are assigned and that HAARP is not classified.
T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“Who Owns HAARP?”; “HAARP and the Military”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015T2PolitiFact, Jeff Cercone, 15 Feb 2023 - 24 Feb 2022confirmed
The FBI releases 18 of 111 pages it holds on HAARP
Answering a freedom-of-information request, the FBI wrote that “111 pages were reviewed and 18 pages are being released”, and that one audio and one video file were withheld in full under its privacy exemptions. Some documents were sent to other agencies for review.
T1FBI letter on FOIPA request 1480581-000 (HAARP), 24 Feb 2022cover letter, p. 1 - Feb 2023confirmed
Posts blame HAARP for the Turkey–Syria earthquakes; seismologists trace them to plate tectonics
PolitiFact quoted the seismologist Harold Tobin: “Energy in the ionosphere cannot cause earthquakes nor affect faults.” The same claim returned after the twin Venezuelan earthquakes of June 2026, Full Fact reported.
- 3 Oct 2024confirmed
After Hurricane Helene, a member of Congress posts “Yes they can control the weather”
Spectrum News reported the post the next day; CBS News said it had more than 40 million views and that she and Alex Jones pointed to cloud seeding as evidence. She did not name HAARP in the words either outlet quoted.
Branches
Go down oneA branch is only as strong as its weakest step so far. The count is how many sources back each step.
“HAARP controls the weather”
Can HAARP change the weather, steer hurricanes or cause floods and droughts, as many posts claim?
It traces to Eastlund’s 1987 patent, which says “Weather modification is possible”, and to the 1995 book “Angels Don’t Play This HAARP”, whose cover says the system can “Change weather patterns over large areas”.
- 20,938 YouTube views, The Secret Files HQ, “HAARP: Weaponizing the Weather” (2025) as of 17 Oct 2026 T4YouTube: The Secret Files HQ, “HAARP: Weaponizing the Weather”
- 11,345 YouTube views, Garrett S. Moore, “Can the government control the weather? … The HAARP theory might be more real than you think” (2025) as of 17 Oct 2026 T4YouTube: Garrett S. Moore, “Can the government control the weather?”
The weapon patent held by HAARP’s builder says weather modification is possible
Eastlund’s patent: “Weather modification is possible by, for example, altering upper atmosphere wind patterns”.
T3Nick Begich and Jeane Manning, “Angels Don’t Play This HAARP”, Earthpulse Presschapter 3T4YouTube: The Secret Files HQ, “HAARP: Weaponizing the Weather”The premise: confirmedTrue that the patent says it, and the Air Force named its owner, APTI, HAARP’s prime contractor. But the patent calls for up to 10⁹ to 10¹¹ watts (one to a hundred billion); HAARP radiates 3.6 million. The patent never mentions HAARP.
T1US Patent 4,686,605, Bernard J. Eastlund, granted 11 Aug 1987descriptioninvolved party: ARCO Power Technologies (APTI), the patent’s owner and later HAARP’s prime contractorT1US Air Force, Final Environmental Impact Statement for HAARP, July 1993responses to commentsinvolved party: US Air Force (lead agency) and US Navy, which planned, funded and ran HAARP until 2015T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“What Is HAARP?”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015The military has done weather warfare before and planned to “own the weather”
Proponents point to the Air Force’s 1996 paper and to rain-making over Vietnam.
T4YouTube: Garrett S. Moore, “Can the government control the weather?”T4YouTube: The Secret Files HQ, “HAARP: Weaponizing the Weather”The premise: confirmedTrue. The 1996 paper says Project Popeye seeded clouds over the Ho Chi Minh trail from 1966 to 1972, and the US renounced hostile climate modification in 1972. That was cloud seeding from aircraft, not radio waves; the paper is a study with a disclaimer.
T1Air Force 2025 study, “Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025”, Aug 1996ch. 3 note 1; disclaimerinvolved party: US Air ForceT1ENMOD Convention (1977), text and US State Department narrativenarrativeA treaty bans changing the weather and the ionosphere in war, so it must be possible
The 1977 ENMOD convention’s examples include “changes in weather patterns” and “changes in the state of the ionosphere”. The European Parliament report cited such treaties against HAARP.
T1European Parliament report A4-0005/1999 (rapporteur Maj Britt Theorin), 14 Jan 1999explanatory statementThe premise: confirmedTrue that the treaty lists them, as phenomena that “could be caused” by environmental modification. A ban on a possibility is not evidence that any facility can do it.
T1ENMOD Convention (1977), text and US State Department narrativeUnderstanding relating to Article IIAn Air Force official said HAARP was built to control part of the atmosphere
David Walker told the Senate in 2014 that it was designed “To inject energy into the ionosphere to be able to actually control it.”
The premise: confirmedTrue. But the ionosphere begins about 60 to 80 km up, above the weather. HAARP’s operator and the 1993 impact statement say its radio waves are not absorbed in the troposphere or stratosphere, where weather forms; both are parties to the question.
T2Anchorage Daily News, Dermot Cole, 14 May 2014T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“Can HAARP Control or Manipulate the Weather?”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015T1US Air Force, Final Environmental Impact Statement for HAARP, July 1993responses to commentsinvolved party: US Air Force (lead agency) and US Navy, which planned, funded and ran HAARP until 2015
- confirmed
Eastlund’s 1987 patent lists weather modification among possible uses
By altering high-altitude winds or building plumes of particles to act as “a lens or focusing device” for sunlight.
T1US Patent 4,686,605, Bernard J. Eastlund, granted 11 Aug 1987descriptioninvolved party: ARCO Power Technologies (APTI), the patent’s owner and later HAARP’s prime contractorStartStrength so far:confirmed· 1 source on this step - confirmed
The Air Force’s 1993 impact statement says HAARP “will not affect the stratosphere and climate”
It adds that no link between natural changes in the ionosphere and surface weather has been found.
T1US Air Force, Final Environmental Impact Statement for HAARP, July 1993responses to commentsinvolved party: US Air Force (lead agency) and US Navy, which planned, funded and ran HAARP until 2015= HoldsStrength so far:confirmed· 1 source on this step - likely
HAARP’s radio waves pass through the layers where weather forms without being absorbed
This rests on the operator and the Air Force, both parties. The operator adds that solar storms in the ionosphere do not affect surface weather either.
T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“Can HAARP Control or Manipulate the Weather?”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015T1US Air Force, Final Environmental Impact Statement for HAARP, July 1993responses to commentsinvolved party: US Air Force (lead agency) and US Navy, which planned, funded and ran HAARP until 2015▼ WeakerStrength so far:likely· 2 sources on this step - confirmed
In 2005 Eastlund himself asked whether HAARP might affect storms
He told Space.com he wondered if HAARP generates gravity waves that could influence severe weather, and called for “a serious scientific effort in weather modification”.
= HoldsStrength so far:likely· 1 source on this step - unverified
Key claim: HAARP can control or change the weather
No record we found shows HAARP affecting weather, and none tests it independently. The denials come from its builders and operators, so they cannot disprove it. In 2010 the American Meteorological Society said even how seeding might affect big storms “is not well understood”.
T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQinvolved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015T1US Air Force, Final Environmental Impact Statement for HAARP, July 1993involved party: US Air Force (lead agency) and US Navy, which planned, funded and ran HAARP until 2015T2American Meteorological Society statement on weather modification, 2010 (expired)▼ WeakerStrength so far:unverified· 3 sources on this step
Bullshit meter
- Key claim: HAARP can control or change the weather. Unverified.
- Key claim contradicted by tier 1? No. No independent tier-1 record contradicts it, and none supports it. The patent says weather modification is “possible”; the only records saying HAARP cannot do it come from the agencies that built and run it.
Fluff meter: possibly planted
- Can’t be traced to an original record. Absent: it traces to Eastlund’s patent and a named book.
- First appeared from new or anonymous accounts. Absent: the patent and the book have named authors.
- Coordinated identical wording. Not measured.
- Cited source doesn’t exist. Absent: the patent exists and says what proponents quote.
- Later contradicted. Only by HAARP’s builders and operators, who are parties; no independent study found.
● present · ○ absent · – not measured. Lists signals only. It never accuses anyone.
Personal interest meter
- US Air Force and Navy, funded and ran HAARP until 2015 and wrote the impact statement that says it cannot affect climate. T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“Who Owns HAARP?”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, has run HAARP since 2015 and charges users on a pay-per-use model. T1UAF Geophysical Institute, HAARP FAQ“How Do Scientists Pay for Active Research at HAARP?”involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015
“Has a documented interest” only, each one sourced. Never an implication of guilt.
Correlation meter
- Project Popeye, cloud seeding over Vietnam, 1966–1972, is cited in both the weather and chemtrail theories. T1Air Force 2025 study, “Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025”, Aug 1996ch. 3 note 1involved party: US Air Force
- The ENMOD treaty, its list of banned effects is cited in both the weather and earthquake theories. T1ENMOD Convention (1977), text and US State Department narrativeUnderstanding relating to Article II
- Nick Begich, co-author of the 1995 book behind the mind-control theory, and a speaker at the 1998 European Parliament hearing its HAARP resolution drew on. T1European Parliament report A4-0005/1999 (rapporteur Maj Britt Theorin), 14 Jan 1999note 22
- Government secrecy, the CIA’s own mind-control research is documented in ARABBITHOLE’s MKUltra case; no record we read ties it to HAARP. The FBI still withholds most of its HAARP pages. T1FBI letter on FOIPA request 1480581-000 (HAARP), 24 Feb 2022cover letter, p. 1
Links to other cases appear once those cases exist.
Who worked on this
This case was assembled by the site from public records. Contributions are not open yet. Nothing here is invented, so the counts are zero.
This is the first published version of the case.
Sources
- T1involved party: ARCO Power Technologies (APTI), the patent’s owner and later HAARP’s prime contractor US Patent 4,686,605, “Method and apparatus for altering a region in the earth’s atmosphere, ionosphere, and/or magnetosphere”, inventor Bernard J. Eastlund, filed 10 Jan 1985, granted 11 Aug 1987; assigned to Atlantic Richfield Company (8 Jul 1985), then to APTI, Inc. (27 Apr 1987). Full text read on Google Patents, 17 Oct 2026. patents.google.com
- T1involved party: ARCO Power Technologies (APTI), the patent’s owner and later HAARP’s prime contractor US Patent 5,038,664, “Method for producing a shell of relativistic particles at an altitude above the earth’s surface”, inventor Bernard J. Eastlund, original assignee APTI Inc., filed 10 Jan 1985, published 13 Aug 1991. Read on Google Patents, 17 Oct 2026. patents.google.com
- T1involved party: University of Alaska Fairbanks, which has run HAARP since 2015 “FAQ”, HAARP website of the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks (page footer ©2025), read 17 Oct 2026. The operator’s own account of the facility, its history and the theories. haarp.gi.alaska.edu
- T1involved party: US Air Force (lead agency) and US Navy, which planned, funded and ran HAARP until 2015 US Air Force (lead agency) with the US Navy, “Final Environmental Impact Statement, Proposed High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program”, July 1993 (cover sheet faxed 16 Jul 1993), DTIC AD-A267 521. Read as the scanned PDF archived by The Black Vault; the DTIC copy itself was not opened. apps.dtic.mil · copy read: documents.theblackvault.com
- T1involved party: US Air Force and US Navy, HAARP’s sponsors “HAARP: Research and Applications. A joint program of the Air Force Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research”, booklet produced by the Naval Research Laboratory’s Technical Information Division. Undated; the DTIC accession stamp reads 19981105 (5 Nov 1998). DTIC AD-A355 641, read as archived by The Black Vault. apps.dtic.mil · copy read: documents.theblackvault.com
- T3Nick Begich and Jeane Manning, “Angels Don’t Play This HAARP: Advances in Tesla Technology”, Earthpulse Press (first published 1995). Read as an uploaded copy of the book on vdoc.pub; the edition read carries no visible date. A record of what the authors claim. vdoc.pub
- T1involved party: US Air Force Col Tamzy J. House and six co-authors, “Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025”, research paper presented to Air Force 2025, August 1996 (presented 17 Jun 1996), DTIC AD-A333462. Its disclaimer says it does not reflect official Air Force policy and contains fictional scenarios. Read as the Internet Archive’s text of the DTIC copy. apps.dtic.mil · copy read: archive.org
- T1involved party: US Department of Defense “DoD News Briefing: Secretary of Defense William S. Cohen”, 28 Apr 1997, keynote and questions at the Conference on Terrorism, Weapons of Mass Destruction, and U.S. Strategy, University of Georgia, Athens. Read as the Wayback Machine copy of defense.gov transcript 674 (captured 2 Mar 2010). www.defense.gov · copy read: web.archive.org
- T1European Parliament, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Security and Defence Policy, “Report on the environment, security and foreign policy”, A4-0005/1999, rapporteur Maj Britt Theorin, tabled 14 Jan 1999. Includes the motion for a resolution and an explanatory statement whose HAARP section is “based on” a hearing of 5 Feb 1998. www.europarl.europa.eu
- T1Paul Lannoye (Verts/ALE), written question E-1446/04 to the Commission, “HAARP project and Commission follow-up to the resolution adopted by Parliament in 1999”, 29 Apr 2004. Summarises the resolution adopted on 28 Jan 1999 (OJ C 128, 7.5.1999, p. 92). www.europarl.europa.eu
- T1Hiltrud Breyer (Verts/ALE), written question E-1453/03 to the Commission on paragraphs 26 to 29 of the resolution of 28 Jan 1999, 14 Apr 2003. www.europarl.europa.eu
- T2“Hugo Chavez Mouthpiece Says U.S. Hit Haiti With ‘Earthquake Weapon’”, Fox News, published 21 Jan 2010 (updated 8 Jan 2015). Reports what the website of ViVe, a Venezuelan state broadcaster, published; the ViVe page itself was not found. www.foxnews.com
- T2Daniel W. Drezner, “The evil genius of the U.S. plan to destroy Haiti [UPDATED]”, Foreign Policy, 26 Jan 2010. A satirical blog post; its update prints a statement from a strategic communications adviser to the Venezuelan Embassy in the United States. foreignpolicy.com
- T2Stephanie Pappas, “Secret Weapon? Conspiracy Theories Abound as US Military Closes HAARP”, Live Science, 22 May 2014. www.livescience.com
- T2Dermot Cole, “HAARP set for summer shutdown as $300 million Alaska site is dismantled”, Alaska Dispatch, now on the Anchorage Daily News site, published 14 May 2014. Reports the Senate hearing held that day. www.adn.com
- T1Federal Bureau of Investigation, response to Freedom of Information/Privacy Acts request 1480581-000, subject “High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) (On or After 1993)”, letter of 24 Feb 2022 to John Greenewald Jr. (The Black Vault), with the released pages. Read as posted by The Black Vault. documents2.theblackvault.com
- T2Jeff Cercone, “Turkey-Syria earthquakes were natural disasters, not geoengineered”, PolitiFact, 15 Feb 2023. Quotes HAARP’s program manager and two seismologists. www.politifact.com
- T2Charlotte Green, “Twin Venezuelan earthquakes not caused by HAARP”, Full Fact, published 3 Jul 2026. fullfact.org
- T1Eric Calais and nine co-authors, “Transpressional rupture of an unmapped fault during the 2010 Haiti earthquake”, Nature Geoscience 3, 794–799, published 24 Oct 2010. Peer-reviewed; only the abstract was read (the full text is paywalled). www.nature.com
- T2Layla Ferris, “Hurricane Helene conspiracy theories about lithium mining, weather control spread widely”, CBS News, updated 7 Oct 2024. www.cbsnews.com
- T1Christine Shearer, Mick West, Ken Caldeira and Steven J. Davis, “Quantifying expert consensus against the existence of a secret, large-scale atmospheric spraying program”, Environmental Research Letters 11 (2016) 084011. Peer-reviewed survey of 77 scientists. The journal page blocked scripted access; the abstract was read on the Carnegie Institution’s publication page. doi.org · copy read: carnegiescience.edu
- T2“The Military’s Mystery Machine”, Popular Science, published 18 Jun 2008. Includes Begich’s concerns and an account of Eastlund’s claims. www.popsci.com
- T2Leonard David (Space.com), report on military and scientific interest in weather modification, published by USA Today 31 Oct 2005 (updated 2 Nov 2005). Quotes Bernard Eastlund at length. usatoday30.usatoday.com
- T3“In Memoriam: Bernard J. Eastlund”, Fusion Power Associates newsletter FPN07-70, 31 Dec 2007. His career as given by an association whose first board he sat on. aries.pppl.gov
- T1Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD), signed at Geneva 18 May 1977, with its understandings and the US State Department’s narrative, as archived on the 2009–2017 State Department site. 2009-2017.state.gov
- T2American Meteorological Society, “Planned Weather Modification through Cloud Seeding”, information statement adopted by the AMS Council on 2 Nov 2010, in force until Nov 2013, now in the AMS archive of expired statements. www.ametsoc.org
- T4r/chemtrails, Reddit community page read in a Playwright browser on 17 Oct 2026 (weekly-active-users and weekly-contributions attributes of the page header). Reddit no longer shows member totals. www.reddit.com
- T4“HAARP: Weaponizing the Weather”, TSFHQ | The Secret Files HQ channel, YouTube, published 20 Sep 2025. Its description: “many believe it can manipulate weather, trigger earthquakes”. www.youtube.com
- T4“Can the government control the weather? … The HAARP theory might be more real than you think…”, Garrett S. Moore channel, YouTube, published 31 Mar 2025. www.youtube.com
- T4“Did HAARP Cause The Quake With Level 10 Lightning?”, Dark Waters channel, YouTube, published 27 Jun 2026. Description: “Did HAARP cause it? Weather weapon, weather modification, military grade.”. www.youtube.com
- T4“HAARP and Mind Control Dr. Nick Begich - Technology is Humanity s Double Edged Sword”, TheTruthAlwaysAddsUp channel, YouTube, published 11 May 2013. www.youtube.com
- T4“HAARP & Mind Control - Just the Facts”, ClimateViewer channel, YouTube, published 18 Dec 2014. Its description links “HAARP, ELF Generation, and Mass Mind Control”. www.youtube.com
- T4“HAARP & Mind Control - Dr. Nick Begich Explains HAARP and Mind Control”, Proper Gander channel, YouTube, published 28 May 2016. www.youtube.com
- T4“Holes in Heaven - HAARP and Advances in Tesla Technology”, Documentaries HD channel, YouTube, published 27 Feb 2018. Not watched. www.youtube.com
- T4“The HAARP Patent: What Part of Far Out (Full Film)”, Truthtide·TV channel, YouTube, published 21 Sep 2026. Its description quotes Eastlund’s patent 4,686,605. www.youtube.com
- T4“How to Stop Chemtrails and HAARP”, The HAARP Report channel, YouTube, published 19 Mar 2015. Description: “Chemtrails, and Haarp, are being used to hide the runaway heating in the Arctic.”. www.youtube.com
- T4“HAARP | Chemtrails and Weather Manipulation For The Hidden Agenda”, MostAmazingTop10 channel, YouTube, published 12 Jul 2024. www.youtube.com
- T4“Chemtrails - HAARP, An Interview with David Icke February 2012”, Pandoras Box channel, YouTube, published 8 Aug 2012. www.youtube.com
- T2Ryan Chatelain, “Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene says ‘they can control the weather’; it’s not clear who she means”, Spectrum News, published 4 Oct 2024. spectrumlocalnews.com